Heater.



"um 709,947.- Patented Sept'. 3o, |902.

W. L. WARNER.

HEATER. (Application med spc. 2e.- 1901;)

(l0 Model.)

mlm f l l nl:

l to show the interior construction.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM L. WARNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

'HATER 'SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.. 709,947, dated September 30, 1902.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. WARNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illi nois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which vthe following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof. i

The purpose of this invention is to provide improved construction of a hot-air furnace in which the heat is'derived fromV the flame of a burner. n i

'Ihe specific purposes are, first, to utilize more fully than has heretofore been done the heatof the gaseous products of combustion, causing them to passintothe chimney at4 the lowest temperature consistent with proper draft; second, to make it possible to direct the hot-air currents `readily to any register or room and to furnish heat for any 'one or more separate registers or apartments without heating or producing heat enough to su pply any additional registers or apartments which it may not be desirable to heat-that is, to operate the furnace to any extent necessary to heat anylimited proportion of the total spacerfor which the furnace is calculated aud direct the heat products to that limited proportion only, so that the furnace shall operate as'eco'nomically for heating a portion as for heating the whole of the house in which it is located.

The invention consists in the features of construction which are set out in claims.

In the drawings, Figure'l is a side elevation of the furnace having my invention,the Wall being broken away at the side in View Fig. 2 is a section at the line 2 Zof Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section at the line 3 3 on Fig. 2.

A is a chamber,within which are located air-circulation ducts B B B of any desired number, according to the number of registers or apartments to be heated by means of the heater which comprises said'V chamber A. The ducts B comprise each a plurality of horizontal or approximately horizontal Ypipe-sections b b, dac., connected by return bends consecutively in continuous course, the uppermost of the said horizontal sections leading out through the wall of the chamber and con- .Appncanon find september 26.1901. ser-a1 No. 75.606. (Numan.)

stituting the cold-air inlet, while kfrom the lowest of said pipe-sections b the outlet-pipe b' leads upward and emerges from the heater at the upper part and constitutes the hot-airconducting pipe to the register or apartment to be supplied with heat thereby. Underneath the lowest section I) of each of the ducts l) b, dre., there is a row of gas-jets C C C, rive. Preferably these jets issue from gas-pipes c c, two of which extend parallel with each other under and parallel with the air-pipes b,which they serve, the terminals from which the jets are emitted being arranged in pairs,one issuing from each of the two parallel gas-pipes in direction inclined toward each other and toward the middle of the air-pipeb to be heated, so that the jets tend to impinge upon each other undersaid air-pipe. The bottom of the heated chamber is formed with slots d a extending longitudinally under each of the airpipes b,and has flanges ct'ot' extending up at the margin of said slots, the gas-pipes cc for each air-pipebeing located in the slot between and preferably close to the liange, as show n in Fig. z. 'lhere is thus'provided ingress for air to support' combustion directly under each of the pipes andbetween the gaspipes cc, so that when thejets are burning the air necessarily is drawn between them at the plane at whicht'hey tend to impingeupon each other, thus producing thorough combustion, while at the same time the gas products ot' combustion rising from the jets and directed by the lianges d or'V are projected upward against the air-pipe b, so that they are diverted in bothVv directions around said pipe. Preferably, but'not necessarily, the chamber has vertical longitudinal partitions A A eX- tending part of the height of the chamber between Vthe several air-duets B B B, forming thus a subchamber for each of said ducts.

` In order to more perfectly insure the' enveloping of the successive pipe-sections b in the gaseous products of combustion as they rise, I prefer to give said pipe-sections a staggered arrangement, setting them alternately nearer thev opposite walls of the subchamber in which they stand, so that while one pipe is very near theone walland remote from the other the second is more remote from the one wall and nearer the second. The rising current of combustion, dividing as it strikes the lowest section of pipe b, will pass by it in larger proportion at the side where the large aperture is found; but a portion will also pass up between the narrower space at the other side. Thelargerpoltion,which passesthrough the largerspace, not finding free path at the same side past the next pipe, will be diverted under the next pipe to reach the wider opening at the opposite side, a portion only passing up through the narrower space. Thus the total result will be that a limited current, corresponding to the narrower space, will pass up at each side along the walls of the subchamberand close tothe pipes which are near the wall, and theremaining portion will zigzag back and forth between and around the pipes, thus reaching all portions of the surface with about equal effect. It may be understood that if the space were equal on the two sides the current would divide into two direct upward currents along the sides and would not strike under nor circle about any of the pipes except the lowest.

The chamber A has three Walls, with two interspaces. The outer wall A2 is perforated at the upper part on all sides, the partitions A terminating at about the level ofthe uppermost horizontal pipe-section b and all the su bchambers being merged above the point opposite the perforted part of the wall A2. The intermediate wall A3 is similarly perforated at thelower part. The outermost wall has, preferably at the top, but in any event at the upper part, a single aperture A4 for the pipe a4, leading to the chimney, termed the smoke-pipe, by which the products of combustion have final discharge and are conducted. Thisarrangementcompelsthe products of combustion, after circulating around the air-pipes iu all the subchambers, to pass down between the inner and intermediate walls A2 and A3 and thence up between the intermediate and outer walls before escaping to the chimney. Any portion of heat remaining in the gases after they have circulated around the air-pipes more than is necessary for draft may be parted with as the gases pass back and forth between the several walls, the outer wall being thus considerably heated even after the air-pipes, with the air circulating around them, have extracted all the heat they can from the gases. The heat thus radiated from the outer wall is made available by inclosing the entire chamber A in a jacket E, from which one or more hot-air pipes F F may lead to registers not too remote, preferably on the same floor or next floor above that on which the heater is located. A suitable air-inlet may be provided for the airchamber,formed between the furnace-chamber A and the jacket F. The air in this chamber will not be so hot as that which passes through the pipes if the circulation is properly regulated in the latter; but it will be sufficient to serve nearby apartments. Each of the pipe systems B having its own cold-air inlet and being provided with its own controlling valve or damper M and heated by an independent system of gasjets controlled by a separate Valve N N, it will be seen that only so many rows of jets may be lighted as there are independent apartments to be heated and registers to be served and that each row of gas-jets may be regulated so as to heat its own air-pipe to such degree only as necessary, so that different apartments for which different temperature is desired may be served each according to requirement, the consumption of fuel being according to the demand for heat at each apartment, so that as wide range of temperature may be maintained in a house served by the same heater as if each apartment had a separate furnace.

It'will be obvious that other Huid than gas may be used, provided it is adapted to produce tlame which can be controlled under the air-ducts, and this involves practically that it shall be fluid fuel, which is conducted to suitable burners, located as indicated.

I claiml. A heater comprising a chamber; approximately horizontal pipes in the chamber one above another connected consecutively in continuous course, the uppermost pipe being extended out through the wall ot the chamber and serving as the cold-air inlet; anda pipe leading from the lowest of said pipes upward and out of the chamber; burners having their flames directed against the lowest pipe, the chamber having ingress for air to support combustion below the lowest pipe, and having egress for the products of combustion after passing to the upper part.

2. A heater comprising a chamber and plurality of air-ducts therein, each consisting of a plurality of approximately horizontal sections of pipe connected consecutively in continuous course, one above the other, the upper section of each duct leading out through the wall of the chamber, and serving as a cold-air inlet for the air-duct to whichit pertains, the lowest section having connection leading upward and out of the chamber; independentlycontrolled burners under the lowest section ofeach of the ducts and means for causing the llame from such burner to circulate about the several sections of the ducts, respectively, under which they are located, to heat said ducts each independently of the remainder.

3. A gas-heater comprising a chamber and a plurality of airducts therein, each duct being arranged in successive pipe-sections one above another connectedin continuous course emerging from the chamber at the upper end of the course, and having connection from the lowest section leading upward and also emerging from the chamber; burners located under said ducts respectively, and means for independently controlling said burners, the chamber having vertical partitions between said several air-ducts, whereby the flame and IIO the current of products of combustion from each burner is confined about the pipe-sec# tion of the duct under which the burner is located, the chamber having escape for the `products of combustion at the upper part the lowest section of said course and means for controlling such burners; the chamber having escape for the products of combustion at the upper part, and ingress for air to support combustion at the lower part.

5. A gas-heater comprising a chamberand an air-pipe consisting of zigzag courses one above another continuously connected, the upper courseleading out of the chamber, and the lowest course leading upward and out of the chamber; burners underneath the lowest course, with means for controlling the same, the chamberhaving an interior false wall, an intermediate and outer wall with two inner spaces, the inner false'wall being apertu red at the upper part to permit escape for the products of combustion, the intermediate wall being apertured at the lower part to continue such escapepand a final discharge being provided through the outermost wall at the upper part; whereby the gaseous products of combustion are taken fromthe top of the chamber and forced to circulate downward and upward before final escape.

G. A gas-heater comprising a chamber and air-duct in the chamber, consisting of a series of approximately horizontal sections one above another connected in continuous course, such ducts leadingoutofthe chamber atthe upper end, and having from its lower end connection leading upward and out of the chamber; burners under the lowest pipe-section; the chamber having ingress for air to support combustion, and egress for the product of combustion-above the duct, said sections of the air-duct being placed with a narrow Yspace at one side and Va wider space at the opposite side for the passage of thegases of combustion, alternate sections having the spaces of corresponding width on opposite sides; whereby the current of gases of com- Ybustion is forced to circulate back and forth between the pipe-sections as it rises to escape from the chamber.

7. A gas-heater comprising a chamber and air-pipe duct in the chamber, consisting of successive sections one above another connected in continuous course, the uppermost section leading out of the chamber at the upper end, and theduct having connectionfroni the lower end leading upward and out of the chamber: burners having theirilame directed against the lowest section of the duct with means for controlling the same; the chamber having a false inner wall apertured at the npper part for the escape of gases and having a second wall outside such false wall apertured at the bottom for such escape.

8. A gasheater comprising achamber and plurality of air-ducts therein each consisting of successively-connected pipe-sections, and elbows forming a continuous course leading out of the chamber at the Iupper part and having connection from the lower end leading upward out of the chamber; burners under the lower sectionv of each such course means for controlling such burners; the wall of the chamber having an interspace and having apertures at the lower part lead-ing into such interspace and apertures for-the escape for the products of combustion leading from said interspace at the upper part of the chamber and jacket inclosing the chamber with an inter- \reniiigairspace; accesses for air at the lower part of said air-space and a heatingpipe leading from the air-space at the upper part.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, at Chicago, Illinois, this 16th day of September, A. D. 1901.

WILLIAM L. VARNER.v 1 Witnesses:

OHAs. S. BURTON, GEORGE H; WARNER. 

